During some years of the past decade, the social structures in Ahwaz city are changed, in this field we can point to CHANGES in social communication and social STRATIFICATION. Assessment of social CHANGES in modernization process context in this territory have a different nature that in small and long term period have a variety influences, in this article has study the effect of modernization process and its elements like: urbanization, education, technology, transportation, public media, modern health and mechanism of these effects on social and social STRATIFICATION. This research was conduct by survey method. We use self-built questionnaire to data collection. Statistical population in research is all family in Ahwaz that is 270632, sampling method is multistage cluster sampling, for determining sample size was used Cochran’s formula that are 1082 person. For Analysis data, was used SPSS version 21, for examine the relation between variable and factor validity was used Smart PLS. Findings of structuring modeling indicate those are significant relationship between education, urbanization, medium& transportation with social CHANGES, these relationship can predictable, two variable exit from model because are prediction variable.

National censuses provide us with a variety of statistics that can be used in sociological studies. This study attempts to analyze the structure and CHANGES of Iran's social STRATIFICATION on the basis of "job status" and "major occupational group" tables in national census publications from 1956 to 1996. In this study, after a review of the present literature on the theories of social STRATIFICATION, a theoretical framework is suggested which presents Iran's social space on the basis of three dimensions of economic capital, socio-cultural capital, and political capital.Social agents occupy a place in this space on the basis of total amount of aforementioned capitals. The groups which have similar situations in this space constitute a social stratum.By combination of previous mentioned tables and using the characteristics of this social atmosphere, high, traditional middle, new middle and low strata as well as the proportion of each one in the total number of occupied people were identified .The comparison of results showed that extraordinary quantitative and qualitative CHANGES have happened in the period under study.

This is an attempt to articulate social STRATIFICATION in Iran and provide empirical proof for it. Critiquing the functional theory of Davis and Moor, the paper provides a new conceptualization for social STRATIFICATION. It notes that since the publication of Davis and Moors article in 1945, their formulations have remained in the realm of theoretical discussions while social STRATIFICATION has continued to act as the basis of human society formations and the focus of sociologists endeavors. The paper argues that a reexamination of Davis and Moors theory is required to relate it to social STRATIFICATIONs in the contemporary societies. In addition to addressing the shortcomings in the theory of Davis and Moor, it presents an empirical model for Iran adaptable to other societies.

In this study, a one-dimensional model called DYRESM was used to simulate the thermal structure and artificial desertification of 15-Khordad Reservoir over a period of one year. The simulation showed that the reservoir is warm monomictic and is stratified during 210 days of the simulation year. The model reproduced the temperature of the meta- and hypolimnion very close to the observed data, but the temperature of the epilimnion was overestimated. As the meteorological data used for the simulation was collected in a nearby weather station, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of meteorological data bias on the simulation results. Air temperature, shortwave solar radiation, wind speed and vapour pressure were found to be, respectively, the most effective parameters. Furthermore, applications of two artificial deSTRATIFICATION systems: bubble plume diffuser and surface mechanical mixer, were modelled. The sensitivity of the model outputs to the specifications of each system was investigated and the two systems were compared considering their efficiencies. It was revealed that the air diffusers were much more efficient than the mechanical mixers. This study showed that the DYRESM can accurately describe physical processes in this reservoir if the forcings are accurately given and the application of bubble is recommended for artificial desertification in this reservoir.

Background: This study evaluates cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) as a predictor of 30-day postoperative mortality and modifiesParsonnet and Euro SCORE models accordingly to develop a new model. Methods: Information of 1920 consecutive patients who underwent elective and emergent surgery in our center was collected. Parsonnet and Euro SCORE model parameters in addition to 81 variables including perioperative information gathered. Followingstatistical analysis by R software a new model considering CPB under the name of Iranian model was designed. Parsonnet and EuroSCORE models were recalibrated and CPB variable was entered. Data validation was performed in 40 consecutive patients. Results: P value of our five predictor models including Iranian, Parsonnet (P) and modified Parsonnet (MP), Euro SCORE (ES) andmodified Euro SCORE (MES) models were < 2e-16. Iranian model has a lower overestimation of mortality (0. 4375) and its area undercurve (AUC) was higher (0. 9537). AUCof P, MP, ES andMESmodels were 0. 9551, 0. 9841, 0. 8659 and 0. 9465 respectively. Overestimationof early post operative mortality of P, MP, ES and MES models were 0. 6483, 0. 5271, 0. 6267 and 0. 5056 respectively. Conclusions: This study confirmed that CPB as a variable is a predictor of mortality and is applicable in risk STRATIFICATION models. CPB increases AUC and decreases Overestimation of mortality. Iranian model as the first CPB dependent mortality prediction modelhas more accurate mortality estimation in respect to other models.

Stratified sampling is one of the most widely used sampling designs. In some cases, it is up to the researcher to determine the boundaries of the strata, and in some cases, the population is already stratified. The optimal classification is obtained for a situation of strata boundries, where the variance of the population mean (or total) estimator reaches its lowest value. In traditional methods, the variance of the estimator is considered as a function of the strata boiundries for the response variable, in order to reach the minimum of the variance, equations are obtained which are often solved by numerical methods. The first deficiency of this method is not considering all auxiliary variables. For example, in estimating the average income, classifying the society based on factors such as gender and job history can not only increase the efficiency of the estimator, but also make the interpretability and generalizability of the results easier. The second one is complex equations that do not have a closed and understandable solutions n this paper, we have tried to construct the optimal classification based on a new criterion that is a combination of variance and a penalty for increasing the number of strata, so that important auxiliary variables in the formation of the decision tree determine the boundries of the strata. The classification process starts from the saturated tree and with successive pruning until reaching the root node, the number of strata decreases, the optimal STRATIFICATION is achieved based on the introduced combined criterion.

The principle of "social inequality", which refers to the difference in enjoying social benefits, is rooted in anthropological principles and social necessities. Therefore, it has positive outcomes for the society, but the way it is formed and its degree can have adverse consequences in society. Using the logical analysis method, this research presents some prominent people’s views on the consequences of social STRATIFICATION. It seems that social inequality can negatively affect social cohesion and pave the way for social resentment. It also causes many deviations in both privileged and deprived classes of the society.

This paper addresses the age groups as one of the new sources of social inequality and STRATIFICATION and the way in which differences in cultural orientation as the outcome are taking. The main objective of the paper is to examine the differences or contradictions of values and attitudes of the mentioned groups. To this end, we examined the previous researches according to qualitative meta-analysis method. The results verified that the assumption of the existence a gap between the young and the adult is not real. However, despite the similarities between the fundamental assumptions and end values of age groups, their approaches towards obtaining these values and instrumental orientations are noticeably different. In fact, it can be claimed that some of the structural CHANGES are apparently caused by the spread of learning involving all social and age groups, whereas some others have been influenced by special young groups.